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KMID : 0923620140140060277
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Immune Network
2014 Volume.14 No. 6 p.277 ~ p.288
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Gut Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids, T Cells, and Inflammation
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Kim Chang-H.
Park Jeong-Ho
Kim Myung-Hoo
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Abstract
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T cells are central players in the regulation of adaptive immunity and immune tolerance. In the periphery, T cell differentiation for maturation and effector function is regulated by a number of factors. Various factors such as antigens, co-stimulation signals, and cytokines regulate T cell differentiation into functionally specialized effector and regulatory T cells. Other factors such as nutrients, micronutrients, nuclear hormones and microbial products provide important environmental cues for T cell differentiation. A mounting body of evidence indicates that the microbial metabolites shortchain fatty acids (SCFAs) have profound effects on T cells and directly and indirectly regulate their differentiation. We review the current status of our understanding of SCFA functions in regulation of peripheral T cell activity and discuss their impact on tissue inflammation.
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KEYWORD
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Short-chain fatty acids, Th1, Th17, IL-10, FoxP3, Microbiota, Inflammation, Colitis, Microbial metabolites
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